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Muscle spasm,
tightness, contractions, or
cramps
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- Muscle Cramps
involves the painful contraction of various muscles, usually
felt in the calf (behind the leg) or in the foot, but can
occur anywhere in the
body.
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- Cramps often occur after exercise,
standing, or lying down for long periods of time.
- Muscle Cramps usually
last for only a few minutes.
- May occur at nighttime during
vigorous exercise
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- Strenuous and heavy exercise
- Dehydration (i.e.,
lack of fluids)
- Electrolytes imbalances (e.g., Potassium)
- Muscle overuse and fatigue
- Heat exhaustion
- Vascular or circulation problems
- Nerve compression or other
neurological problems
- Pregnancy
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- Location
- Frequency
- Time of the cramp
- How long
- Aggravating factors (walking etc.)
- Relieving factors such as massaging or walking after a
cramp
- Are there any other illnesses or symptoms?
- Physical examination and diagnostic tests may be
necessary if cramps become frequent, or if they are
associated with other symptoms.
- If these become persistent problems, the doctor may
need to order tests:
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- Walking, gently stretching, and
massaging the cramps often relieves spasms, especially at
night or during exercise.
- Stretching before exercise
- Drink plenty fluids
- Keep the muscles warm, especially
in cold weather climates
- Potassium, vitamin E, Calcium, zinc, Magnesium, and
medications are often prescribed and
helpful.
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If the
problem is recurring or associated with other symptoms,
contact your doctor.
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- Muscle twitches -- i.e., tiny,
repetitive, non-painful movements of a muscle (as in
eyelids, arms, and legs) that are often benign and not
associated with any disease.
- Varicose Veins
- Phlebitis
- Thyroid disease
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