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- Adult and child: 98-107
mEq/L
- Newborn: 98-110 mEq/L
- Premature: 95-110
mEq/L
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- The evaluation of electrolyte levels, water balance, and acid-base
balance and in the measurement of the cation-anion balance
(anion-gap)
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- Dehydration
- Diabetes inspidus
- Renal tubular acidosis
- Respiratory alkalosis
- Prolonged Diarrhea
- Hyperparathyroidim
- Acute renal failure
- Adrenocortical
hyperfunction
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- Prolonged vomiting
- Addison's Disease
- Nasogastric drainage
- Congestive Heart Failure
- Salt-losing nephritis
- Intestinal fistula
- Chronic renal failure
- Overhydration
- Metabolic alkalosis
- Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic
Hormone (SIADH)
- Chronic repiratory acidosis
- Diuretic
therapy
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- Hemolysis
- Warming of the specimen
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