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Gastroenteritis

more about Gastroenteritis


"Stomach flu"


  • This is inflammation of the stomach and the intestines.  Most people mistakenly call it flu.  Gastroenteritis is usually caused by a virus.  True Influenza (i.e., flu) is predominantly a respiratory problem.

  • It can be asymptomatic (i.e., no symptoms)
  • Nausea/vomiting
  • Watery, bloody, and/or Chronic Diarrhea
  • Body aches
  • Fevers
  • Chills
  • Cramps

  • The most common causes are viruses, bacteria, and parasites:
    1. Viruses, e.g., Norwalk gastroenteritis, rotavirus, enteric adenovirus
    2. Bacteria, e.g., Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus
    3. Parasites, e.g., Entameba histolytica, Giardia lamblia

  • Made on basis of signs and symptoms
  • Testing only to rule out other causes, such as stool examination

  • Young age
  • Immunodeficiency
  • Malnutrition
  • Travel to an endemic areas
  • Exposure to unsanitary conditions
  • Ingestion of contaminated food or water

  • Rest
  • Drink lots of clear liquids -- water; electrolyte-containing beverages, such as sports drinks; and juices.
  • BRAT diet may help with diarrhea -- bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast.
  • Tylenol for fever and body aches (ibuprofen also may help, but be careful because it can upset the stomach).
  • Antibiotics for Salmonella, Shigella, or Vibrio cholerae infection
  • Most cases are self-limited and may be treated at home.

  • Hand washing
  • Vaccines exist to prevent Salmonella, and Vibrio cholerae.




more about Gastroenteritis


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