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Welcome, eCureMe.com medical contents search July 14, 2015
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Enzymes and Isoenzymes, Cardiac


  • Serum

  • Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) or creatine kinase (CK)
    1. Adult male: 5-35 µg/ml, 20-170 IU/L
      < 90 U/L, 5-55 mU/ml
    2. Adult female: 5-25 µg/ml, 10-135 IU/L
      < 80 U/L, 5-35 mU/ml
    3. Male child: 0-70 IU/L
    4. Female child: 0-50 IU/L
    5. Newborn: 65-580 IU/L, 10-200 U/L
  • CPK isoenzymes
    1. CPK-MM (skeletal muscles): 90-97% of total CPK
    2. CPK-MB (heart): 0-6% of total CPK
    3. CPK-BB (brain): Trace or 0% of total CPK
  • Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase
    1. Adult: 8-20 U/L
    2. Older adult

      • Male: 11-26 U/L
      • Female: 10-20 U/L

    3. Child (< 5 years): 19-28 U/L
    4. Infant: 15-60 U/L
    5. Newborn: 16-72 U/L
  • Lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH)
    60-120U/ml
    1. LDH isoenzymes: 70-200 IU/L
    2. LDH1: Heart, red blood cells, 14-26%
    3. LDH2: Reticuloendothelial cells and kidney, 29-39%
    4. LDH3: Lungs, lymphatics, spleen, and others, 20-26%
    5. LDH4: Kidney, placenta, liver, 8-16%
    6. LDH5: Kidney, liver, and skeletal muscle, 6-16%
  • Serum alphahydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase:
    50-250 U/L

  • To determine myocardial tissue damage

  • CPK
    1. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    2. Biliary atresia
    3. Burns
    4. Cancers
    5. Cardiomyopathy
    6. Central nervous system Trauma
    7. Hypokalemia
    8. Hypothermia
    9. Hypothyroidism
    10. Infarction (cerebral, bowel, mayocardial)
    11. Intramuscular injections
    12. Muscular dystrophy
    13. Myocarditis
    14. Organ rejection
    15. Pulmonary Edema
    16. Pulmonary Embolism
    17. Renal insufficiency or failure
    18. Surgery
  • AST
    1. Cirrhosis
    2. Congestive Heart Failure
    3. Hepatitis
    4. Myocardial Infarction
    5. Pericarditis
    6. Pulmonary infarction
    7. Reye's syndrome
  • LDH
    1. Alcoholism
    2. Anemias
    3. Burns
    4. Cancer
    5. Cardiomyopathy
    6. Cerebrovascular Accident
    7. Cirrhosis
    8. Convulsions
    9. Delirium tremens
    10. Hepatitis
    11. Hypothyroidism
    12. Infectious Mononucleosis
    13. Codeine
    14. Niacin
    15. Lithium carbonate
    16. Meperidine
    17. Morphine
    18. Pneumonia
    19. Pulmonary infarction
    20. Procainamide
    21. Propranolol
    22. Shock
    23. Thyroid hormones
    24. Ulcerative Colitis

  • CPK
    1. Addison's Disease
    2. Anterior pituitary hyposecretion
    3. Connective tissue disease
    4. Alcoholic Cirrhosis
    5. Metastatic Cancer
    6. Steroid adminstration
  • AST

- Severe liver failure

  • LDH
    1. Radiation therapy
    2. Oxalates

  • CPK
    1. Cardioversion
    2. Drugs (alcohol, aspirin, halothane, lithium succinylcholine)
    3. Muscle Trauma
    4. Recent vigorous exercise, surgery
  • AST
    1. Drugs (acetaminophen, antituberculous agents, aspirin, chlorpromazine, erythromycin)
    2. Muscle Trauma
    3. Strenuous fasting
  • LDH
    1. Pregnancy
    2. Prosthetic heart valves
    3. Recent surgery











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