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Welcome, eCureMe.com medical contents search April 25, 2013
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Flat Foot

more about Flat Foot


Pes planus


  • Flat feet is a condition in which the foot arch is low or absent.

  • In infants and toddlers, a flexible flat foot is a normal condition where the arch of the foot flattens when standing.  During this period, a flexible flat foot is caused by a loose ligament or by baby fat.  The arch usually forms by the 2 or 3 years of age.  In some cases, a flat foot can persist after adolescence.  This is usually a painless condition, but there can be abnormal wear on the inner side of the shoes.
  • Other causes of flat feet include neuromuscular disease (cerebral palsy, Poliomyelitis, Muscular Dystrophy), ligament hyperlaxity due to connective tissue disease (Marfan's syndrome, Down's syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome) and a tight heel cord.

  • The diagnosis of flat foot is made solely by physical examinations.  The feet lean inward when the individual is in a standing position because of the foot pronation (when the foot rolls out in flat foot).  If the other underlying diseases are suspected, further tests are required.

  • Observation if the flat foot is mild and causes no pain
  • If there is no pain, then treatment is not usually required
  • Shoe inserts or orthosis if the child complains about the pain after walking or activity
  • Shoe inserts such as medial heel wedge or pad may relieve the pain



more about Flat Foot


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