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Allergic Tubulointerstitial Nephritis
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- The kidney tissue becomes inflamed
due to an allergic reaction. This allergic reaction can
occur from medications, infections, or the cause may be
unknown.
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- Fever
- Rash
- Flank pain
- Blood in urine
- Low or high urine output
- Swelling due to fluid overload can
occur in any area of the body (i.e., face, legs, abdomen)
- Lethargy, confusion, or even Coma can
occur
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- Drug reactions -- the most common cause:
- Antibiotics (e.g., penicillin, sulfonamides,
etc.) -- are the most prevalent cause
- Thiazide diuretics
- Furosemide
- Allopurinol
- Cimetidine (Tagamet)
- Phenytoin (Dilantin)
- Anti-inflammatories (such as ibuprofen)
- Bacterial infections
- Viral infections
- Mycoplasma
- Toxoplasma
- Idiopathic (unknown
causes)
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- Elevated blood eosinophils
- Urinalysis may show
red blood cells, white blood cells, white blood cell casts,
protein, and eosinophils.
- Ultrasound of
kidneys
- Gallium scanning
- Kidney biopsy may be considered if diagnosis is
unclear.
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- Discontinuance of an offending
medication
- Treatment of an underlying
infection
- Kidney dialysis may be required in
a severe case.
- Corticosteroid medications may be
considered.
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