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- A dysfluency in speech involving rapid repetition, or stumbling over certain words or sounds.
- It may range from mild to severe.
- It is often made worse in situations of high anxiety, and when speaking before large audiences.
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- Stammering
- Often accompanied by signs and symptoms of stress, i.e., increased pulse, hyperventilation, sweating, etc.
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- Heredity plays a role, with the condition occurring in families, among siblings.
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- Observed during examination
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- Male sex
- The early years of speech development
- It may be more common in individuals whose thought processes are quite rapid, and their speech does not keep up with the rapid pace of the thoughts.
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- There is no cure, but speech therapy, especially at an early age, may improve the condition. The patients who have persistent stuttering over many months, are the ones most likely to enroll in speech therapy, and a teacher often brings it to the parents' attention.
- A relaxed atmosphere and a non-judgmental attitude by the listener, are both helpful.
- Some speech therapists teach the stutterer to use a special key word, as a building block on which one can attach the remainder of a sentence. The stutterer inserts this key word in any sentence when the sensation of stuttering is about to occur.
- Medications to treat stuttering are not in widespread use.
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- Phobias may occur, such as fear of speaking, or fear of speaking to large audiences.
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- One of the best ways to help small children overcome this disorder is to avoid focusing on it. If it persists, you may wish to consult a speech therapist.
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- Stammering is a similar condition in which the fluent speech becomes obstructed on a consonant, and the speaker markedly prolongs the consonant sound.
- Neurogenic stuttering occurs in
individuals who have damage to the nervous system, as in
stroke patients, and the commands from the brain to the
nerves and muscles are not smoothly carried-out.
- Speech disorder
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