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Painful menstruation
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This is the most common pain experienced by women: Approximately 50% of woman experience this pain, and 10% experience severe or disabling dysmenorrhea. Uterine contractions occur during all periods, but, in some women, these cramps can be frequent and very intense; in such cases, the condition is known as dysmenorrhea. Primary dysmenorrhea is caused by normal uterine muscle contractions and affects more than half of menstruating women. Secondary dysmenorrhea is menstrual-related pain that is caused by abnormal medical conditions, such as endometriosis.
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- Lower abdominal crampy pain that occurs before the beginning of the menstrual period and lasts 1 or 2 days into the period.
- Pain radiating to the back region or inner thigh region
- Nausea, vomiting, Diarrhea, Constipation
- Headache, fatigue may accompany the pain
- About 10% have severe symptoms, causing them to take more days off work and experience a performance loss at school, compared to unaffected woman.
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- It is caused by the production of prostaglandins during menstruation. Prostaglandins are chemicals that occur naturally in the body. Certain prostaglandins enhance uterine contractions, causing pelvic pain.
- Endometriosis
- Pelvic inflammation
- Adenomyosis
- Uterine myoma
- Ovarian Cyst
- Pelvic congestion
- Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD)
- Uterine polyp
- Uterine malformation
- Cervical stenosis
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- Based on history of symptoms and physical exam to rule out secondary causes. The physical will include a general exam and an internal pelvic exam. Younger adolescents who have not become sexually active usually will not require a pelvic examination.
- Blood samples may be taken (from veins in the arm) to rule out hormonal abnormalities and pregnancy.
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- Common pain relievers: aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, acetaminophen
- Birth control pills
- The treatment of underlying disease
- Self-care:
- Rest
- Drink a hot cup of regular tea, chamomile or mint tea.
- Heating pad or warm-water bottle on your abdomen
- Take a warm bath.
- Gently massage your abdomen.
- Mild exercises
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