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Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy
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DIC, Consumption coagulopathy
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- Activation of the clotting cascade
within the blood vessels causes the ordinarily liquid blood to
clot. The utilization of a large percentage of the available clotting factors leads to generalized bleeding.
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- Prolonged bleeding from any site
- Sudden appearance of multiple ecchymoses (black-and-blue marks)
- Petechial rash
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- Any process that activates the clotting cascade
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- Microscopic examination of a blood smear shows fragmented RBC's and decreased numbers of platelets.
- Abnormal blood tests:
- Increased fibrin split products
- Prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) are prolonged.
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- Serious infection (viral, bacterial, rickettsial)
- Serious Trauma
- Shock
- Cancer
- Incompatible blood transfusion
- Severe liver disease
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- Various treatment plans in various situations:
- Fresh frozen plasma, to replace several clotting factors that have been consumed
- Cryoprecipitate
- Platelet transfusions
- Heparin
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- Increasingly severe bleeding
- Organ damage
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- Appropriate emergency management by physician
- At times, a hematologist is consulted.
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