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Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT)


  • Adult (70 kg male): 20-25% lower in women
  • Tidal volume (Vt): 500 ml
  • Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV): 3100 ml
  • Expiratory reserve volume (ERV): 1200 ml
  • Residual volume (RV): 1200 ml
  • Vital capacity (VC): 4800 ml
  • Inspiratory capacity (IC): 3600 ml
  • Functional residual capacity (FRC): 2400 ml
  • Total lung vapacity (TLC): 6000 ml
  • FEV1: 84%
  • FEV2: 94%
  • FEV3: 97%

  • To evaluate the patient's respiratory status, especially in patients experiencing shortness of breath or other breathing difficulty
  • To evaluate the therapy for or progression of obstructive and restrictive lung disease
  • As parameters for weaning patients from mechanical ventilation and as part of preoperative evaluations
  • To assess airway function over time and to evaluate various therapeutic intervention


  • Tidal volume: Atelectasis, fatigue, Pneumothorax, pulmonary congestion, restrictive lung disease, tumors
  • Inspiratory reserve volume: Asthma, exercise, obstructive pulmonary disease
  • Expiratory reserve volume: Ascites, kyphosis, obesity, pleural effusion, Pneumothorax, pregnancy, Scoliosis
  • Residual volume: Elderly individuals, obstructive pulmonary disease,
  • Functional residual capacity: Adult respiratory distress syndrome
  • Forced expiratory volume: Restrictive pulmonary disease
  • Inspiratory capacity: Restrictive pulmonary disease
  • Vital capacity: Diaphragm restriction, drug overdose with hypoventilation, neuromuscular diseases, restrictive thoracic movement.

  • Fatigue
  • Lack of patient cooperation
  • Smoking
  • Abdominal distension or pregnancy
  • Poor seal around mouthpiece
  • Medications










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