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Failure to Thrive

more about Failure to Thrive


FTT

  • When an infant or child is unable to maintain normal weight and height for his/her age because of inadequate calorie intake or utilization, it is referred to as a "failure to thrive."

  • Weight is low for age and height
  • Feeding problems -- infant is unable to learn breastfeeding (sucking, etc.), failure to recognize mother, Bloating, nausea, vomiting, Diarrhea, etc.
  • Withdrawn -- Low energy, lack of concentration, unresponsive to stimuli, and sleep problems
  • There may be signs of abuse (e.g., bruises, fractures, poor hygiene, etc.).
  • There may be recurrent infections.
  • Family may have psychological, marital problems, drug addiction, etc.

  • Some of the reasons for FTT:
    1. Problems digesting food
    2. Diseases of other organ systems (heart, kidneys, brain, etc.)
    3. Infections (often chronic parasitic, fungal, viral, or bacterial infections)
    4. Childhood cancers
    5. Genetic or birth defects (e.g., Turner's Syndrome, fetal alcohol syndrome)
    6. Premature birth
    7. Incorrect feeding techniques
    8. Problems with parenting
    9. Physical abuse

  • Is made by a pediatrician while doing a physical examination and serial growth charts (height, weight, head circumference measurements)
  • Dietary assessment of calorie intake, weight, height, type of feeding, etc., by qualified dietician
  • Laboratory tests may include routine blood work (complete blood count, chemistry panel), hormonal studies (e.g., thyroid function tests), protein and vitamin assays, urine analysis, and genetic studies.  Urine, blood, and other cultures may be done to look for underlying infections.
  • Radiographs of the skeletal system may show fractures (common place is the wrist) and other signs of abuse.
  • Social services or psychologist may be consulted.

  • Is done by diagnosing and treating the underlying cause
  • A healthy diet high in calories, Proteins, and supplements is often recommended.
  • Growth charts are followed until the ideal weight and growth is achieved.




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